Construction of cardiovascular information extraction corpus based on electronic medical records

Cardiovascular disease has a significant impact on both society and patients, making it necessary to conduct knowledge-based research such as research that utilizes knowledge graphs and automated question answering. However, the existing research on corpus construction for cardiovascular disease is relatively limited, which has hindered further knowledge-based research on this disease. Electronic medical records contain patient data that span the entire diagnosis and treatment process and include a large amount of reliable medical information. Therefore, we collected electronic medical record data related to cardiovascular disease, combined the data with relevant work experience and developed a standard for labeling cardiovascular electronic medical record entities and entity relations. By building a sentence-level labeling result dictionary through the use of a rule-based semi-automatic method, a cardiovascular electronic medical record entity and entity relationship labeling corpus (CVDEMRC) was constructed. The CVDEMRC contains 7691 entities and 11,185 entity relation triples, and the results of consistency examination were 93.51% and 84.02% for entities and entity-relationship annotations, respectively, demonstrating good consistency results. The CVDEMRC constructed in this study is expected to provide a database for information extraction research related to cardiovascular diseases

Serum miR-195-5p Exhibits Clinical Significance in the Diagnosis of Essential Hypertension with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Targeting DRD1

OBJECTIVES: Diagnosis and management of essential hypertension (EH) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by combining comprehensive treatment and classificatory diagnosis have been continuously improved. However, understanding the pathogenesis of EH patients with concomitant T2DM and subsequent treatment remain the major challenges owing to the lack of non-invasive biomarkers and information regarding the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Herein, we collected 200 serum samples from EH and/or T2DM patients and healthy donors (N). Gene-expression profiling was conducted to identify candidate microRNAs with clinical significance. Then, a larger cohort of the aforementioned patients and 50 N were used to identify the correlation between the tumor suppressor miR-195-5p and EH and/or T2DM. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to explore the target genes of miR-195-5p. The suppressive effects of miR-195-5p on the 3′-UTR of the dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) transcript in EH patients with concomitant T2DM were verified as well. RESULTS: Compared with that in other groups, serum miR-195-5p was highly downregulated in EH patients with concomitant T2DM. miR-195-5p overexpression efficiently suppressed DRD1 expression by binding to the two 3′-UTRs. Additionally, two single nucleotide polymorphisms, including 231T-A and 233C-G, in the miR-195-5p binding sites of the DRD1 3′-UTR were further identified. Collectively, we identified the potential clinical significance of DRD1 regulation by miR-195-5p in EH patients with concomitant T2DM. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that miR-195-5p circulating in the peripheral blood served as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for EH and T2DM, which could eventually help address major challenges during the diagnosis and treatment of EH and T2DM

CBLUE: A Chinese Biomedical Language Understanding Evaluation Benchmark

Artificial Intelligence (AI), along with the recent progress in biomedical language understanding, is gradually changing medical practice. With the development of biomedical language understanding benchmarks, AI applications are widely used in the medical field. However, most benchmarks are limited to English, which makes it challenging to replicate many of the successes in English for other languages. To facilitate research in this direction, we collect real-world biomedical data and present the first Chinese Biomedical Language Understanding Evaluation (CBLUE) benchmark: a collection of natural language understanding tasks including named entity recognition, information extraction, clinical diagnosis normalization, single-sentence/sentence-pair classification, and an associated online platform for model evaluation, comparison, and analysis. To establish evaluation on these tasks, we report empirical results with the current 11 pre-trained Chinese models, and experimental results show that state-of-the-art neural models perform by far worse than the human ceiling. Our benchmark is released at \url{https://tianchi.aliyun.com/dataset/dataDetail?dataId=95414&lang=en-us}

Ultrasound-guided median nerve electrical stimulation to promote upper limb function recovery after stroke

Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation enhances hand function during stroke rehabilitation. Here, we proposed a percutaneous direct median nerve stimulation guided by ultrasound (ultrasound‐guided median nerve electrical stimulation, UG-MNES) and evaluated its feasibility and effectiveness in the treatment of stroke patients with upper limb extremity impairments. Sixty-three stroke patients (2-3 months of onset) were randomly divided into control and UG-MNES groups. Both groups received routine rehabilitation and the UG-MNES group received an additional ultrasound-guided electrical stimulation of the median nerve at 2 Hz, 0.2 ms pulse-width for 20 minutes with gradual intensity enhancement. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity motor function (FMA-UE) was used as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were the Functional Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity (FTHUE-HK), Hand Function Rating Scale, Brunnstrom Stages, and Barthel Index scores for motor and daily functions. All the participants completed the trial without any side effects or adverse events during the intervention. After 4 weeks of intervention, the functions of the upper limbs on the hemiplegic side in both groups achieved significant recovery. Compared to the control group, all evaluation indices used in this trial were improved significantly in the UG-MNES group after 2 and 4 weeks of intervention; particularly, the first intervention of UG-MNES immediately improved all the assessment items significantly. In conclusion, the UG-MNES is a safe and feasible treatment for stroke patients with upper limb extremity impairments and could significantly improve the motor function of the affected upper limb, especially in the first intervention. The UG-MNES could be an effective alternative intervention for stroke with upper limb extremity impairments

Discovery of anomalous gallium enriched in stone coal: Significance, provenance and recommendations

Gallium (Ga) is a critical mineral that plays an irreplaceable role in consumer electronics, clean energy technologies and the aerospace industry. Nowadays competition for gallium resources at the national strategic level has begun to emerge, but gallium resources are unevenly distributed globally, and their presence is not guaranteed. New discoveries revealed an average gallium concentration of thirty-one samples from M1, M2, M3 and M4 stone coal-bearing seams of the Cambrian strata on South Qinling Orogenic Belt in central China is 157 mg/kg (9.98–747 mg/kg), which is 27.6-fold higher than the global hard coal average, as well as the existing association of Mo–V–U–Cd–Zn–Ba–Se–Mg–Ni–Cu enrichment. Ga average of these coal seams are 344 mg/kg (M3, 44.5–747 mg/kg, n = 11), 270 mg/kg (M4, 14.3–270 mg/kg, n = 5), 53.8 mg/kg (M2, 22.6–75.4 mg/kg, n = 8) and 19.8 mg/kg (M1, 9.98–34.9 mg/kg, n = 7) respectively, as well as the thickness of approximately 6, 12, 8, and 20 m, which be close to or exceed to the boundary grade standard (30 mg/kg) and minimum recoverable thickness (0.7 m) of gallium resources exploration. These findings indicate that the Cambrian stone coal deposits, especially in the middle and late Cambrian period, should be considered as promising alternative sources of gallium. The anomalous gallium-enriched sediments originated from a complex combination of hydrothermal fluids, original biomass and terrigenous materials. For the M1 stone coal-bearing seams, gallium most likely occurred in the mode of GaAs, GaxIn1-xAs and GaO(OH), while modes of gallium in the M2 to M4 seams is interrelated with the organic affinity and clay minerals. The crude reserve estimate of gallium resources in central China is approximately 10.06 × 104 tons, corresponding to a super-large coal-hosted gallium ore deposit. The unique paleogeographic location and geological structure in central China resulted that this newly discovered deposit is a unique type of gallium-enriched deposit that has been discovered worldwide. These discoveries will provide the critical parameters when developing distinctive beneficiation processes and appropriate extraction procedures, as well as guidance and effective for future prospecting regions of gallium resources around the globe, involving a combination consider the distribution of regional deep–large fault zones and the middle to late Cambrian black rock series deposits

A Virtual Network Embedding Algorithm Based on Cellular Automata Genetic Mechanism

The optimal embedding problem of virtual network requests, which satisfies nodes and link constraints, is a NP-hard problem. Heuristic algorithms solve the problem with the mathematical model optimization, but it fails to consider the influence of the virtual network embedding node itself on the optimal solution. So the cellular automata genetic mechanism is introduced into the problem, and the virtual network embedding algorithm based on cellular genetic algorithm (VNE-CGA) has been proposed. VNE-CGA uses the cellular automata to model the node, and replaces the "B4567/S1234" rule with the crossover operation in genetic algorithm. Through learning from neighbours to guide the individual's optimization process, VNECGA improves the inherent defects of traditional genetic algorithm. The experimental results show that the request acceptance ratio and the long-term average revenue increase about 5% and 12%

Photoluminescence property of polymer–rare earth complexes containing acetaldehyde/aminophenol type bidentate Schiff base ligand

<p>Acetaldehyde was introduced onto the side chains of polysulfone, and then Schiff base reactions were carried out between the introduced acetaldehyde and ortho-aminophenol (OAP) or meta-aminophenol (MAP). Two bidentate Schiff base (B) ligands of acetaldehyde/aminophenol type, OAPB and MAPB, were bonded on the side chains of polysulfone, and two new bidentate Schiff base ligand functionalized-polysulfones, PSF-OAPB and PSF-MAPB, were obtained. The triplet state energies of OAPB and MAPB are well matched with the resonant level energy of Tb(III), and the Tb(III) complexes emit the strong characteristic fluorescence of Tb(III) (green luminescence). Complexes of Eu(III) have no fluorescence emission because of the mismatching of the energy levels. In comparison, the fluorescence intensity of the binary complex PSF-(MAPB)₃-Tb(III) is stronger than that of the binary complex PSF-(OAPB)₃-Tb(III) because of the structured difference of the chelating ring. The ternary complexes PSF-(MAPB)₃-Tb(III)-(Phen)₁ (Phen represents 1,10-phenanthroline) and PSF-(OAPB)₃-Tb(III)-(Phen)₁ have stronger fluorescence emissions than the corresponding binary complexes. The fluorescence emission intensities of solid films of the complexes are stronger than that of their solutions. The prepared luminescent polymer-Tb(III) complexes containing acetaldehyde/aminophenol type bidentate Schiff base ligands have very high quantum yields (80–86%), reflecting the high intramolecular energy transfer efficiencies from the ligands to Tb(III).</p

The Comparative Experimental Study of Multilabel Classification for Diagnosis Assistant Based on Chinese Obstetric EMRs

Obstetric electronic medical records (EMRs) contain massive amounts of medical data and health information. The information extraction and diagnosis assistants of obstetric EMRs are of great significance in improving the fertility level of the population. The admitting diagnosis in the first course record of the EMR is reasoned from various sources, such as chief complaints, auxiliary examinations, and physical examinations. This paper treats the diagnosis assistant as a multilabel classification task based on the analyses of obstetric EMRs. The latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic and the word vector are used as features and the four multilabel classification methods, BP-MLL (backpropagation multilabel learning), RAkEL (RAndom k labELsets), MLkNN (multilabel k-nearest neighbor), and CC (chain classifier), are utilized to build the diagnosis assistant models. Experimental results conducted on real cases show that the BP-MLL achieves the best performance with an average precision up to 0.7413 ± 0.0100 when the number of label sets and the word dimensions are 71 and 100, respectively. The result of the diagnosis assistant can be introduced as a supplementary learning method for medical students. Additionally, the method can be used not only for obstetric EMRs but also for other medical records

Incidence and risk factors of postoperative acute pancreatitis after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundPostoperative acute pancreatitis (POAP) is a specific complication after pancreatectomy. The acute inflammatory response of the residual pancreas may affect the healing of pancreatoenteric anastomoses, leading to postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPFs), abdominal infections, and even progressive systemic reactions, conditions that negatively affect patients' prognoses and can cause death. However, to the best of our knowledge, no systematic reviews or meta-analytic studies have assessed the incidence and risk factors of POAP after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).MethodWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant literature describing the outcomes of POAP after PD until November 25, 2022, and we used the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of the studies. Next, we pooled the incidence of POAP and the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the risk factors using a random-effect meta-analysis. I2 tests were used to assess heterogeneity between the studies.ResultsWe analyzed data from 7,164 patients after PD from 23 articles that met the inclusion criteria for this study. The subgroup results of the meta-analysis by different POAP diagnostic criteria showed that the incidences of POAP were 15% (95% CI, 5–38) in the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery group, 51% (95% CI, 42–60) in the Connor group, 7% (95% CI, 2–24) in the Atlanta group, and 5% (95% CI, 2–14) in the unclear group. Being a woman [OR (1.37, 95% CI, 1.06–1.77)] or having a soft pancreatic texture [OR (2.56, 95% CI, 1.70–3.86)] were risk factors of POAP after PD.ConclusionThe results showed that POAP was common after PD, and its incidence varied widely according to different definitions. Large-scale reports are still needed, and surgeons should remain aware of this complication.Systematic Review Registrationidentifier: CRD42022375124